Just
getting started riding motorcycles? Here’s everything you need to know
about riding gear — helmets, jackets, gloves, boots and such — in one
digestible package.
One of the most frequent enquiries we get here at RideApart isn’t
about which motorcycle to buy or how to learn to ride, but what gear to
buy and wear once you’ve accomplished all that. Here’s the info you need
to make smart decisions, to be more comfortable, safer and, hopefully,
save some money in the process.
Why You Need Good Gear
The fastest human in the world is Ussain Bolt. During the 100 meter
sprint, he peaks at 27.78mph. If he falls going that speed, he’ll likely
sustain serious injury. The human body simply didn’t evolve to go any
faster, which is why even falling off a horse (
Guinness World Record top speed: 43.97mph) can lead to death.
On a motorcycle, you’re going to be travelling much faster. Even
around town you’ll be hitting 50mph or more and, on the highway, you may
find yourself exceeding 85mph. Your skin, bones and organs were not
designed to withstand impacts at those speeds.
Then there’s the question of abrasion. As a general rule of thumb,
figuring the average road surface, you can expect to lose one millimeter
of flesh for every mile-an-hour you’re going over 30 when you crash.
No, we don’t know why the thumb mixed empirical and metric units. So, at
the top speed of that horse, you’ll have lost 1.4cm (or over half an
inch) of skin and muscle. Where on your body can you afford to lose that
much? And that’s at only 44mph. What if you crash at 70 and lose an
inch and a half? We’re talking serious, life threatening injuries from
abrasion alone.
Then there’s the weather. What if it’s kinda cold out? Even at, say, a
50 degree (F) ambient temperature, windchill at 55mph is going to make
it feel like it’s 25 degrees out. So from the kind of temperature in
which you need a light sweater, to the kind of cold where you want long
undies and a down jacket. Getting wet would compound that much further.
Gear can even help when it’s hot by better allowing your body’s
natural evaporative cooling effect to take place. Under constant wind
blast, the sweat is blown off your skin too quickly for it to have a
cooling effect. Put on a jacket, helmet, boots, gloves and pants,
however, and your body is free to cool itself as designed.
Luckily, mankind has achieved through science what evolution has
failed to provide — clothing that protects you from accidents, the
elements and makes riding an easier, more comfortable experience.
Helmets
According to a study published by
Dietmar Otte,
45% of all impacts to motorcycle helmets occur around the face, in an
area not covered by open-face or ¾-type helmets. You really, really,
really want to be wearing a full-face helmet. As an added bonus, they’ll
keep the wind out of your eyes and bugs out of your teeth too.
Helmets typicaly have a five year life. After that, the glue and
whatnot used to bond layers of the EPS impact absorption material
(precisely tailored densities of Styrofoam) begin to degrade, impacting
safety.
Like the crumple zone in a car, helmets are also designed to destroy
themselves in a crash, thereby dissipating the energy that would
otherwise be transferred to your head. Sometimes, a helmet can
experience a crash without external signs of damage, but still sustain
unseen effects. To ensure that your helmet is fully capable of
protecting you, always buy a new helmet from a reputable retailer and
then treat it like a baby, never allowing it to fall to the ground or
otherwise be damaged.
Street helmets look like this.
Dirt
helmets look like this. You wear them with goggles. Yes, they do
protect your face, but that pronounced chin may exaggerate torsional
forces in a crash. They’ll also be noisy and unstable at highway speeds.
Choose the right helmet for the kind of riding you plan to do.
To
be legally worn on the road in America, any motorcycle helmet must be
marked with a DOT-approved sticker. You’ll see those affixed prominently
on the back.
That’s just a minimal legal standard though. Two other certifications
compete for your dollar by promising greater safety, both legally
voluntary in the United States. “ECE 22.05” is the European Union’s
legal standard, while there’s also something called “Snell” which is
popular with a couple large helmet manufacturers here in the States.
Avoid Snell-rated helmets if you have an abnormally small (as in a child
or smaller woman) or large head; until recently, Snell didn’t
acknowledge that different size heads have different weights, so the
impact absorption material may not be properly spec’d to reduce impact
forces.
If you want the best possible safety, simply opt for an ECE
22.05-rated helmet. Every single racer in MotoGP (the top level of
motorcycle sport) chooses to wear an ECE-rated helmet and they tend to
be lighter and more able to prevent concussions than their Snell
equivalent.
And you don’t need to spend a ton of cash to get the safest possible helmet. We love the
Icon Airmada,
which has some of the best ventilation you can find in any helmet, is
built to the ECE 22.05 standard and starts at just $180 for plain
colors.
Like other affordable helmets, the Airmada uses a plastic shell. More
expensive ones use more expensive materials for shell construction like
a fiberglass/Kevlar/carbon fiber weave. This can make them lighter, but
does not make them any safer. Spending up to a very expensive helmet
nets you things like paint quality, fancy graphics and fancier
ventilation, not added safety. Most of what you’re paying for is brand.
The shape and size of every person’s head is unique. You need to find
a helmet that fits you perfectly, sizes and shapes vary heavily between
manufacturers and models. To determine your shape and size, visit a
large brick-and-mortar retailer and try on every helmet you can. You’ll
know one fits when it evenly holds your head all the way around, with no
pressure points. Put it on, grasp the chin and try to rotate the helmet
while resisting the movement with your head. The helmet shouldn’t be
able to rotate independently of your scalp. It should fit snugly, but
not be too tight.
RevZilla has a no-hassle
return policy. Allowing you to try different items of gear on and, if
they don’t fit, exchange them for stuff that does.
Other considerations to bear in mind are weight, noise and
aerodynamics. You’ll find those addressed in motorcycle helmet reviews.
Jackets
A jacket covers the other stuff on your body that’s fragile and
important. Arms, back, ribs, organs, all that fun stuff. You absolutely
must choose a motorcycle-specific jacket for purposes of both safety and
comfort. “Fashion” leather jackets and similar are not made to
withstand either the windblast or crashes that real motorcycle jackets
are built to deal with.
Motorcycle jackets fall into two categories: leather and textile.
High quality textile materials like 1000 denier Cordura are able to
resist abrasion as strongly as leather, while typically coming equipped
with Gore-Tex or other water-resistant membranes capable of keeping you
dry in bad weather. Leather looks the way you’d expect a classic “biker”
to look though and jackets made from it typically last longer and fit
more closely to the body. Textile jackets are often more affordable.
Both motorcycle-specific leather and textile jackets come with all
sorts of features you won’t find elsewhere. Seams are doubled up
multiple times to protect the stitching from abrasion and increase
strength against bursting. They’re designed to fit snugly in high-speed
wind blast. They can seal out cold air or let in cooling air via vents.
They also have body armor — impact absorbing material that cushions
your most vulnerable parts in a crash. In order to be effective, that
armor should come with a “CE” safety rating. You want it in the elbows,
shoulders and back. Some jackets also fit chest protectors to protect
your ribs, heart and lungs. Again, look for that “CE” rating, many
jackets cut costs by simply including a piece of foam in place of a real
back protector. Often, there’s a pocket shaped to fit a real back
protector sold by the same company.
You want that jacket to fit snugly, but leave your arms free to
articulate fully. Consider the style of bike you ride and choose a
jacket cut to work in its riding position. Sport Bikes require you to
hunch over, requiring some extra articulation for a jacket to be
comfortable on them.
Then, think about what kind of weather you’ll most frequently be
riding in. Jackets made from mesh, perforated leather or with lots of
zip-open vents are good for warm weather, but not the cold or wet and
vice versa.
Some jackets feature zippers around the bottom enabling them to
connect to a pair of riding pants, forming a suit. Doing so better seals
out the elements and helps the whole thing stay on in a crash, but
those zippers often require matching tops and bottoms from the same
company, sized correctly, to work.
Pants
Denim jeans will not protect you in a motorcycle accident. No ifs, ands or
butts.
Jeans that are either made from or include Kevlar panels offer
slightly more abrasion resistance, but are still a compromise, offering
nothing like the protection of a true pair of riding pants.
Like jackets, pants are available in leather or textile materials and
should be equipped with CE-rated armor in the hips, shins and knees.
They should fit snugly, but comfortable and allow full leg articulation.
Try them on a bike, in a riding position close to that of your own to
determine if they’ll work.
If you want to zip pants to your jacket, make sure the manufacturer
advertises the compatibility of the pair. Identical names are a good
hint here, but look a the circumference of the zipper (does it wrap
fully around your waist or only partially) for a good idea of whether or
not it will work. Again, you’ll typically need pants and jacket from
the same manufacturer for this to work.
Beginner Motorcycles
Boots
Most street bikes weigh more than 350lbs. Frequently, they’re much
heavier. You’ll need to support that weight and your own through your
legs, ankles and feet on slippery, uneven, unpredictable surfaces. For
that reason alone, a sturdy pair of boots with oil-resistant, non-slip
soles and good ankle support should be considered a minimum.
Your feet and ankles are also very vulnerable in a crash, so you’ll
want to protect them. To see what will happen to your feet in a crash in
a given pair of footwear, grasp them by the toe and heal and twist. If
the result doesn’t look like your foot would survive intact, then it
probably won’t.
In a riding boot, you want soles that prevent that twisting.
Frequently, that’s accomplished with a metal plate running through the
sole. Strong heal and toe boxes also help lock your feet in and reduce
the force of impacts to those areas. Armor over the ankle and shin
protects those areas.
Any boot considered for riding a motorcycle should lace tightly to a
point above the ankle. Anything less and it will likely fly off in an
accident, offering zero protection.
Gloves
Your hands are an awesome combination of extreme fragility combined with
utter necessity. You need them to do stuff and they’re also the first
thing to touch down in any crash. So you need to protect them.
Motorcycle gloves should fully cover your fingers, palm, the back of
your hands and your wrists. There should be significant overlap between
glove and jacket so that you never see any skin exposed between the two.
In order for a glove to remain on your hand in a crash, it needs a
retention strap around the wrist. Consider this feature a minimum entry
point for any riding glove. After that, you want to look for strong,
abrasion-resistant materials and strong, protected stitching. Materials
like Kevlar are often spec’d for the stitching for their ability to
resist abrasion and bursting.
Last, but not least is armor. While most motorcycle gloves spec armor
for the knuckles, it’s actually the base of your palm that will impact
in nearly any crash and which needs protection the most. Look for
materials here that will slide rather than catch on the pavement and
which can provide some impact protection. Armor anywhere else is
welcome, but can cause the glove to bind or pinch your hand as you grip
the controls. Make sure any glove you chose allows you to operate the
controls on your bike unimpeded.
Suits
There’s nothing like a full, head-to-toe motorcycle suit for comfort and
protection from both crashes and the elements. But, they also tend to
be very expensive.
A good way to get started on a budget, is with a jacket and pants
that zip together. This will allow you greater flexibility in the way
you wear it, for instance allowing you to wear the jacket alone for a
short trip, or zip into the full suit when it’s more appropriate.
One-piece suits typically allow more flexibility and movement than two-pieces, but at the expense of that versatility.
Same advice on armor and materials as the above items.
The most versatile, highest quality suit on the market is the
Aerostich Roadcrafter,
which, aided by a head-to-toe zipper, allows you to zip into and out of
full protection in under 15 seconds, all while wearing your regular
streetwear underneath. It’s appropriate for commuters, tourers,
adventure riding and pretty much everything else, but isn’t as
appropriate as a one-piece leather suit for sport riding. Starting at
just $727, it may even be more affordable than some jacket/pants
combinations. Aerostich uses proprietary armor which isn’t CE-rated, but
is an exception to the rule in that it’s still as safe as can be.
Armor
As mentioned above, motorcycle body armor protects you from impacts by
absorbing energy that would otherwise be transferred to your joints,
limbs and body.
Whether purchase separately or included in an item of riding gear,
you want it to fit snugly in a manner which won’t see it shift or move
around in a crash. It should be comfortable and not restrict movement
in any way. Also think about its area of coverage, you want it to cover
as much of you as possible. Some cheaper elbow protectors, for instance,
don’t extend very far down your forearm while the real quality stuff
does. Back protectors should cover everything from your coccyx to the
base of your neck.
Those back protectors are available in two levels of safety: CE1 and
CE2. CE1 is the less safe of the two, but protectors made to that lower
standard are often lighter, more flexible, cheaper and breathe better.
Protection you wear more often is better protection.
You can often upgrade the armor in an item of riding gear by ordering
superior, but more expensive items and retrofitting them. To do this,
check to see if the item of clothing features removable armor in Velcro
pockets or similar. Because not all armor is of the same shape and size,
ordering it from the same manufacturer as the item of clothing is
typically necessary.
The most frequent upgrade you’ll perform is to the back protector. If
you feel that your jacket or suit’s is sub-par, you can fit a better
one in the pocket or simply opt for a strap-on item which you wear
separately, under the jacket or suit. Strap-on protectors typically
cover a greater portion of your body.
Etc
Other things to consider when thinking about riding gear are long underwear, earplugs and eye protection.
Long underwear is available in both summer and winter versions, the
former working with your natural cooling process to better facilitate
moisture wicking, keeping you cool and sweat-free. If you’re trying to
stay warm, look for long undwear made with a wind-resistant membrane
such as Gore Wind Stopper. You’ll be surprised at how many drafts get
inside your gear in cold weather. Extend this protection to your feet,
hands and head and neck to reap its full benefits.
The inside of a motorcycle helmet is as loud as a jet engine at
highway speeds, so you’ll want to wear earplugs to maximize comfort and
preserve your hearing over time. The RideApart staff swears by
Howard Leight Max Lite earplugs
, which are both comfortable and affordable.
You’ll likely also want to protect your eyes from glare and the sun.
Wearing sunglasses inside a helmet can be tricky, so a tinted visor is
the best option. You’ll need one specifically designed to fit your
helmet. Always carry a clear visor with you if there’s even a slight
chance you’ll be out after dark. Wearing a tinted visor at night is
extremely dangerous, reducing your vision to an extreme degree.
Conclusion
Riding a motorcycle exposes you to extreme risk, variations in weather
and requires your full concentration and physical ability. Luckily,
motorcycle gear is available that can keep you safe in a crash,
comfortable in any weather condition and it even reduces fatigue. As
such, it should be considered a vital necessity when riding a
motorcycle. Factor its cost into the overall price of purchasing a bike.
There’s no such thing as not being able to afford good gear, reduce the
price of the bike you’re buying until you can afford to buy the helmet,
jacket, gloves, pants and boots necessary to ride it.
One of the things you’re buying into is also the motorcycle family.
We’re here to help. Consider the comments section below an open
invitation to ask us anything related to motorcycle gear. No question is
stupid, no question is unwelcome, just ask it and we’ll help. Have we
forgotten anything? Let us know about that too please, we really want
this to be a one-stop resource for new riders.
